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                    <i class="far fa-calendar-minus fa-fw"></i>发布日期:&nbsp;&nbsp;
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                <h1 id="1、Redis概述"><a href="#1、Redis概述" class="headerlink" title="1、Redis概述"></a>1、Redis概述</h1><p>Redis（remote directory service）是用C语言开发的一个开源的高性能键值对（key-value）数据库。<br>redis数据是存在于内存条中，而不是在磁盘中的<br>redis可用于：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">缓存（数据查询、短连接、新闻内容、商品内容等等）。（最多使用）</span><br><span class="line">分布式集群架构中的session分离。</span><br><span class="line">聊天室的在线好友列表。</span><br><span class="line">任务队列。（秒杀、抢购、12306等等）</span><br><span class="line">应用排行榜。</span><br><span class="line">网站访问统计。</span><br><span class="line">数据过期处理（可以精确到毫秒）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>redis安装文件<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712150808560.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="redis安装后各个文件作用"></p>
<h1 id="二、Jedis使用"><a href="#二、Jedis使用" class="headerlink" title="二、Jedis使用"></a>二、Jedis使用</h1><p><strong>redis环境：centos6</strong><br>1、关于连接超时的问题</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">由于linux防火墙默认开启，redis的服务端口6379并不在开放规则之内，所有需要将此端口开放访问或者关闭防火墙。</span><br><span class="line">关闭防火墙命令：sevice iptables stop</span><br><span class="line">如果是修改防火墙规则，可以修改：&#x2F;etc&#x2F;sysconfig&#x2F;iptables文件</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>2、使用连接池连接</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">通过单实例连接redis不能对redis连接进行共享，可以使用连接池对redis连接进行共享，</span><br><span class="line">提高资源利用率</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712151143512.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="Java和Jedis"></p>
<h1 id="三、redis的数据类型"><a href="#三、redis的数据类型" class="headerlink" title="三、redis的数据类型"></a>三、redis的数据类型</h1><h2 id="String"><a href="#String" class="headerlink" title="String"></a>String</h2><p>redis中自定义一个SDS（Simple Dynamic String）的数据结构来表示String类型<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712151435140.png" alt="SDS"><br>redis的字符串是**==二进制安全的==**，什么是二进制安全    ？<font color="#e74c3c">简单理解就是存入什么数据取出的还是什么数据。redis中的sds不像c语言处理字符串那样遇到’\0’字符则认证字符串结束，它不会对存储进去的二进制数据进行处理</font>，存入什么数据取出还是什么数据。<br>当存储的字符串是整数时：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">incr：让数字递增并返回递增后的值</span><br><span class="line">incrby：让数字增加相应的数值后返回</span><br><span class="line">decr：让数字减少相应的数值后返回</span><br><span class="line">decreby：让数字减少相应的数值后返回</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>当存储的字符串是字符：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">append：向键值末尾追加相应的字符后返回追加后的长度，</span><br><span class="line">  如果该键不存在，则相当于set的作用，同样返回字符串长度</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712151818699.png"><br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712151833688.png"></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">strlen：返回字符串的长度</span><br><span class="line">mset：设置多个键值对</span><br><span class="line">mget：键获取多个键值</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021071215191412.png"></p>
<h2 id="List"><a href="#List" class="headerlink" title="List"></a>List</h2><h3 id="Java中ArrayList和LinkList的区别"><a href="#Java中ArrayList和LinkList的区别" class="headerlink" title="Java中ArrayList和LinkList的区别"></a>Java中ArrayList和LinkList的区别</h3><p>ArrayList使用<strong>数组方式</strong>存储数据，所以根据索引查询数据速度快，而新增或者删除元素时需要设计到位移操作，所以比较慢。<br>LinkedList使用<strong>双向链表</strong>方式存储数据，每个元素都记录前后元素的指针，所以插入、删除数据时只是更改前后元素的指针指向即可，速度非常快，然后通过下标查询元素时需要从头开始索引，所以比较慢，但是如果查询前几个元素或后几个元素速度比较快。</p>
<h3 id="Redis中的List："><a href="#Redis中的List：" class="headerlink" title="Redis中的List："></a>Redis中的List：</h3><p>可以存储一个有序的字符串列表，常用的操作是向列表两端添加元素，或者获得列表的某一个片段；<br>列表类型内部是使用<strong>QuickList（基于ziplist和linkedList【redis4之后】）</strong> 实现的，所以向列表两端添加元素的时间复杂度为0(1)，<strong>获取越接近两端的元素速度就越快</strong>。这意味着即使是一个有几千万个元素的列表，获取头部或尾部的10条记录也是极快的</p>
<h3 id="命令："><a href="#命令：" class="headerlink" title="命令："></a>命令：</h3><p>lpush：向左边增加元素后返回增加元素的数量<br>rpush：向右边增加元素后返回增加元素的数量<br>lrange：列表类型最常用的命令之一，<strong>获取列表中的某一片段，将返回start、stop之间的所有元素（包含两端的元素），索引从0开始。索引可以是负数，如：“-1”代表最后边的一个元素。</strong><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712152415648.png"><br>lpop：从左边弹出一个元素后返回被弹出的元素<br>rpop：从右边弹出一个元素后返回被弹出的元素<br>llen：获取列表中元素个数<br>lrem：删除列表中指定的值<br>LREM key count value<br>LREM命令会<strong>删除列表中前count个值为value的元素，返回实际删除的元素个数。</strong> 根据count值的不同，该命令的执行方式会有所不同：</p>
<ul>
<li>当count&gt;0时， LREM会从列表左边开始删除。</li>
<li>当count&lt;0时， LREM会从列表后边开始删除。</li>
<li>当count=0时， LREM删除所有值为value的元素。</li>
</ul>
<p>lindex：获得指定索引的元素值<br>lset：</p>
<ul>
<li>lset key count value：设置指定索引的元素值（更新）<br>ltrim：</li>
<li>ltrim key start stop：只保留列表start到stop中的片段</li>
</ul>
<p>linsert：</p>
<ul>
<li>linsert key before\after pivot value<br>该命令首先会在列表中<strong>从左到右查找值为pivot的元素</strong>，然后<strong>根据第二个参数是BEFORE还是AFTER来决定将value插入到该元素的前面还是后面</strong><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712152716115.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"></li>
</ul>
<p>rpoplpush：</p>
<ul>
<li>rpoplpush source destination<br>将元素从一个列表转移到另一个列表<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021071215280053.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="Hash"><a href="#Hash" class="headerlink" title="Hash"></a>Hash</h2><p>它提供了字段和字段值的映射。字段值只能是字符串类型，不支持散列类型、集合类型等其它类型<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712152837532.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"></p>
<ul>
<li>hset：只能设置一个字段值</li>
<li>hget：只能获取一个字段值</li>
<li>hmset：可以设置多个字段值</li>
<li>hmget：可以获取多个字段值</li>
<li>hgetall：获取键的所有字段值<br>==<strong>HSET命令不区分插入和更新操作，当执行插入操作时HSET命令返回1，当执行更新操作时返回0.</strong>==</li>
<li>hdel：可以删除一个或多个字段，返回值是被删除的字段个数 </li>
<li>hincrby：增加数字后返回</li>
<li>hexists：判断该键的字段是否存在</li>
<li>hsetnx：当字段不存在的时候赋值，如果存在不做任何操作<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712153006762.png" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="Set"><a href="#Set" class="headerlink" title="Set"></a>Set</h2><p>无序，并且不允许重复<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712153100672.png"><br>set：</p>
<h3 id="命令"><a href="#命令" class="headerlink" title="命令"></a>命令</h3><ul>
<li>sadd:<ul>
<li>sadd key value value<br>增加元素</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>srem：<br>srem key value value<br>删除元素</li>
<li>smembers：<br>smembers key<br>获取key中所有的元素</li>
<li>sismember：<br>sismember key value<br>判断元素是否在key中，无论集合中有多少元素都能极速返回值<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712153612491.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"></li>
<li>集合的运算：<ul>
<li>sdiff set1 set2 两个集合差的运算（相当于概率论中的A-B）</li>
<li>sinter set1 set2 两个集合交集的运算（相当于概率论中的AB）</li>
<li>sunion set1 set2 两个集合并集的运算（相当于概率轮中的A+B）<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021071215362284.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>scard key 获得集合中元素的个数</li>
<li>spop key   从集合中弹出一个元素（因为set是无序的，会随机的弹出一个元素）<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712153720498.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="Stored-Set"><a href="#Stored-Set" class="headerlink" title="Stored Set"></a>Stored Set</h2><p>在某些方面有序集合和列表类型有些相似。<br>1、二者都是有序的。<br>2、二者都可以获得某一范围的元素。<br>但是，二者有着很大区别：<br>1、列表类型是通过链表实现的，获取靠近两端的数据速度极快，而当元素增多后，访问中间数据的速度会变慢。<br>2、有序集合类型使用<strong>ziplist和skiplist</strong>实现，即使读取位于中间部分的数据也很快。<br>3、列表中不能简单的调整某个元素的位置，但是有序集合可以（通过更改分数实现）<br>4、有序集合要比列表类型更耗内存。</p>
<h3 id="命令-1"><a href="#命令-1" class="headerlink" title="命令"></a>命令</h3><ul>
<li>zadd key score member [score member]<br><strong>向有序集合中加入一个元素和该元素的分数</strong>，如果该元素已经存在则会用新的分数替换原有的分数。返回值是新加入到集合中的元素个数，不包含之前已经存在的元素。</li>
<li>zscore key member：获取元素的score</li>
<li>zrem key member[member]：删除元素</li>
<li>zrange key start stop[withscores]：获取key集合从start到stop的元素【带分数】</li>
<li>zrevrange key start stop[withscores]：获取key集合从start到stop的元素按分数从大到小排序【带分数】<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712154314453.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"></li>
<li>zrangebyscore key start stop[withscore][limit offset count]:<br>获取key中按照score从start到stop的范围获取元素【带分数】【限制元素索引起始位置offset和获取到count元素】<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712154339325.png"></li>
<li>zcard key：key集合中元素的个数</li>
<li>zcount key min max ：获得指定范围内的元素个数<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712154413992.png"></li>
<li>zranke key member：获取元素的排名从小到大</li>
<li>zrevrank key member：获取元素的排名从大到小<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210712154436770.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NzdzMxODYwMTYwNTY=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="四、redis服务器命令"><a href="#四、redis服务器命令" class="headerlink" title="四、redis服务器命令"></a>四、redis服务器命令</h1><p>echo：打印一些内容<br>select：选择数据库（范围为0~16）进行存储<br>quit：退出连接<br>dbsize：返回当前数据库中key的数目<br>INFO：获取服务器的信息和统计<br>flushdb：删除当前数据库中所有的key<br>flushall：删除所有的的key</p>
<h1 id="五、key命令"><a href="#五、key命令" class="headerlink" title="五、key命令"></a>五、key命令</h1><p>keys <em>：查看所有key（</em>是通配符，可以用Linux的语法来查找key）<br>exists key：确认一个key是否存在<br>del key：删除一个key<br>rename key newname：对一个key进行改名<br>type key：判断一个key的类型</p>
<h1 id="六、参考资料"><a href="#六、参考资料" class="headerlink" title="六、参考资料"></a>六、参考资料</h1><p>《redis设计与实现》</p>

                
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